
2023 MLB Rule 5 Draft Preview
11/14 UPDATE:
The Cubs have selected the contracts of LHP Bailey Horn, RHP Porter Hodge, and RHP Michael Arias to the MLB Reserve List (40-man roster).
There are now 40 players on the Cubs MLB 40-man roster (the roster is full).
ORIGINAL POST 11/7:
The MLB Rule 5 Draft is normally held at the MLB Winter Meetings in December.
NOTE: The 2023 MLB Rule 5 Draft will take place on December 6th.
The Rule 5 Draft is a mechanism that allows MLB clubs to select (draft) players off minor league reserve lists.
There is a "Major League Phase" where an MLB club can select Rule 5 Draft-eligible players off the reserve lists of minor league clubs (any minor league classification) for $100,000 ("Major League Phase" Rule 5 Draft price increased from $50,000 to $100,000 beginning with the December 2016 draft), and a "AAA Phase" where a club's AAA minor league affiliate can select Rule 5 Draft-eligible players off the reserve lists of minor league clubs of a lower classification (below AAA) for $24,000 (Rule 5 "AAA Phase" draft price increased from $12,000 to $24,000 beginning with the December 2016 draft).
NOTE: Effective December 2016, the "AA Phase" (where a club's AA minor league affiliate could select Rule 5 Draft-eligible players off the reserve lists of minor league clubs of a classification below AA for $4,000) was eliminated.
There is no limit on the number of rounds in each phase (there could be one, there could be three, there could be five or more). As long as at least one club is still selecting players, the phase will continue, but as soon as all 30 teams have a full reserve list (so that clubs can no longer make selections) or have passed, the phase is over.
There is no limit on the number of Rule 5 Draft-eligible players any one organization can lose in a Rule 5 Draft.
Rule 5 Draft order is based upon the inverse order of winning percentages from the previous season. If the winning percentages of two or more clubs are the same, the club with the lowest winning percentage from the previous season picks first. If two or more clubs are still tied, league standings from two years back (or three years back, four years back, etc) are used to break the tie.
RULE 5 DRAFT ELIGIBILITY
1. A minor league player who was 18 or younger on the June 5th immediately prior to signing his first contract is eligible for selection starting with the 5th Rule 5 Draft following his first qualified season, and a minor league player who was 19 years or older on the June 5th immediately prior to signing his first contract becomes eligible for selection starting with the 4th Rule 5 Draft following his first qualified season.
2. If a player signs his first contract after the conclusion of the season of the MLB or minor league club to which he is first assigned (even if he signs prior to the Rule 5 Draft), the next season is considered to be the player's "first qualified season" for Rule 5 eligibility purposes. (Depending on the minor league, the conclusion of a minor league club's season could be as early as the first week of August, or as late as the second week of September).
3. A player eligible to be an MLB Rule 9 minor league free-agent who signs a minor league successor contract prior to being declared a free-agent and a free-agent with prior MLB and/or minor league service who signs a minor league contract prior to the Rule 5 Draft is eligible for selection if the player was 18 or younger on the June 5th immediately prior to signing his first contract and it is at least the 5th Rule 5 Draft since he signed his first contract, or the player was 19 years or older on the June 5th immediately prior to signing his first contract and it is at least the 4th Rule 5 Draft since he signed his first contract.
4. Any player on a minor league reserve list who has either been released or had his contract voided and then re-signs with the same MLB organization within one year is eligible for selection.
5. Any player on a minor league reserve list who has been outrighted to the minors previously in his career is eligible for selection.
6. A player on the Voluntary Retired List, Disqualified List, or Ineligible List is not eligible for selection.
7. An MLB club can designate any player on a minor league reserve list "eligible for selection" in a Rule 5 Draft even if the player would not normally be eligible, but once a player is designated "eligible for selection," he remains eligible for selection in all subsequent Rule 5 drafts.
NOTE: A club might do this if the club is planning to release the player during the off-season.
8. A minor league player-manager who would be eligible for selection in the Rule 5 Draft if he was only a player can be selected, but if he is selected, the player-manager can reject the selection and retire. He has 30 days to decide. If he rejects the selection and opts to retire as a player, the player-manager is ineligible to be reinstated as a player for a minimum of one year.
At present (11/14), 63 Cubs minor leaguers are eligible for selection in the 2023 Rule 5 draft. A maximum of 38 players can be placed on the AAA reserve list on the roster filing deadline (second Tuesday prior to Thanksgiving, which is 11/14 in 2023) and be eligible for selection in the Major League Phase only, and in practice most clubs leave three or more slots open on their AAA reserve list when rosters are filed for free-agents who sign a minor league contract and players who are sent outright to AAA prior the Rule 5 Draft, and to provide AAA roster slots for players who might be selected in the AAA Phase of the Rule 5 Draft.
NOTE: If not added to the MLB 40-man roster, the players underlined and in bold green below will likely be placed on the 38-man AAA Iowa reserve list so that they will be eligible for selection only in the Major League Phase of the 2023 Rule 5 Draft.
CUBS MINOR LEAGUERS ELIGIBLE FOR SELECTION IN 2023 RULE 5 DRAFT (last updated 11-14-2023):
Pablo Aliendo, C
Ezequiel Alvarez, INF-OF
Max Bain, RHP
Bradlee Beesley, OF
Hunter Bigge, RHP
David Bote, INF (Article XX-D player)
Yovanny Cabrera, RHP
Burl Carraway, LHP
Chris Clarke, RHP (Article XX-D player)
Luis Devers, RHP
Jefferson Encarnacion, OF
Manuel Espinoza, RHP
Anderson Feliz, RHP (on RESTRICTED LIST)
Kohl Franklin, RHP
Richard Gallardo, RHP
Reivaj Garcia, INF
Saul Gonzalez, RHP
Ethan Hearn, C
Darius Hill, OF
Joel Jimenez, RHP
Levi Jordan, INF
Chris Kachmar, RHP
Caleb Knight, C
Adam Laskey, LHP
Ben Leeper, RHP
Joel Machado, LHP
Nelson Maldonado, 1B-OF
Fraiman Marte, RHP (second contract player signed for 2024)
Scott McKeon, INF
Ismael Mena, OF
Juan Mora, INF
Cristian More, OF
Rafael Morel, INF-OF
Joe Nahas, RHP
Jordan Nwogu, OF
Eduarniel Nunez, RHP (signed 2024 minor league successor contract)
Johzan Oquendo, RHP
Miguel Pabon, INF-C
Ezequiel Pagan, OF
Jack Patterson, LHP
Fabian Pertuz, INF
Yohendrick Pinango, OF
Reggie Preciado, INF
Sheldon Reed, RHP
Jake Reindl, RHP
Francis Reynoso, RHP (ex-1B - second contract player signed for 2024)
Samuel Rodriguez, LHP
Cole Roederer, OF
Cam Sanders, RHP
Tyler Schlaffer, RHP
Jake Slaughter, INF
Dalton Stambaugh, LHP (second contract player signed for 2024)
Felix Stevens, 1B-OF
Chase Strumpf, INF
Riley Thompson, RHP
Sam Thoresen, RHP
Cayne Ueckert, RHP
Luis Verdugo, INF
Andy Weber, INF
Jacob Wetzel, OF
Blake Whitney, RHP
Brad Wieck, LHP (Article XX-D player)
Bryce Windham, C-INF
Additionally, a free-agent who signs a 2024 minor league contract prior to the 2023 Rule 5 Draft will be eligible for selection if the player was 18 or younger on the June 5th immediately prior to signing his first contract and it is at least the 5th Rule 5 Draft following his first qualified season, and a minor league player who was 19 years or older on the June 5th immediately prior to signing his first contract becomes eligible for selection starting with the 4th Rule 5 Draft following his first qualified season.
RULE 5 DRAFT RESTRICTIONS:
1. A minor league player eligible for selection in the Rule 5 Draft cannot be added to an MLB Reserve List (40-man roster), traded to another organization, or transferred from one minor league roster to another within the same organization, beginning with the filing of MLB minor league reserve lists with the MLB Commissioner on November 15th and extending through the completion of the Rule 5 Draft.
2. A Rule 5 Draft-eligible player cannot be sent outright to the minors beginning at 5 PM (Eastern) on the third day prior to the Rule 5 Draft through the conclusion of the draft.
3. A club must have as many slots open on its MLB Reserve List (40-man roster) prior to the start of the Rule 5 Draft as the number of players it selects in the Major League Phase, and an MLB club's AAA affiliate must have as many slots open on its reserve list prior to the start of the AAA Phase of the Rule 5 Draft as the number of players the affiliate selects in the AAA Phase.
4. A club can select a player off the roster of one of its own minor league affiliates, but if the player is selected in the Major League Phase, the club is bound by the same Rule 5 roster restrictions as if it had selected the player off the reserve list of another club's minor league affiliate.
NOTE: This actually happened at least once a number of years ago, after a club (Atlanta Braves) inadvertently left one of its top prospects off its MLB Reserve List (40-man roster) when minor league reserve lists were submitted to the MLB Commissioner on November 20th.
5. A player eligible for selection in the Rule 5 Draft cannot be "covered up" from selection, either by agreement between two clubs or by effect (such as by concocting a phony injury and placing the player on an Injured List in an attempt to decrease a player's value when the player is not really injured). Also, a player selected in the Major League Phase of the Rule 5 Draft cannot be "hidden" on an Injured List to help the drafting club fulfill Rule 5 roster obligations (such as by leaving the player on the Injured List after he is healthy enough to play). If the MLB Commissioner believes a club "covered up" a player to avoid losing the player in the Rule Draft or "hid" a selected player on an Injured List, the offending club or clubs are subject to a penalty (TBD by the MLB Commissioner).
MLB RULE 5 SELECTED PLAYER
A "Selected Player" is any player selected in the Major League Phase of the MLB Rule 5 Draft.
PLAYERS SELECTED BY CUBS IN MAJOR LEAGUE PHASE OF 2023 RULE 5 DRAFT:
TBD
CUBS MINOR LEAGUERS SELECTED IN MAJOR LEAGUE PHASE OF 2023 RULE 5 DRAFT:
TBD
1. A Selected Player must be placed on the drafting club's MLB Reserve List (40-man roster) immediately after selection and must be tendered a major league contract by 5 PM (Eastern) on the day of the draft.
2. A Selected Player can be traded at any time, but the player cannot be Designated for Assignment, released, or sent to the minors any earlier than 20 days prior to MLB Opening Day, and then only if Outright Assignment Waivers have been secured and the player's former club declines to reclaim the player.
3. If a Selected Player spends at least 90 days on an MLB Active List during the MLB regular season following selection, the player ceases to be a "Selected Player" at the conclusion of the MLB regular season. If time spent on an MLB Active List is less than 90 days in the season following selection, the player remains a Rule 5 Selected Player into the next season, and the player continues to be a Selected Player until he has spent 90 days total on an MLB Active List.
4. If a club wishes to send a Selected Player to the minors, the player must be placed on Outright Assignment Waivers, where any of the other 29 MLB clubs can claim the player for the $50,000 Rule 5 waiver price (formerly $25,000), and if claimed off waivers, the player continues to have Rule 5 MLB Selected Player status.
5. If the Selected Player is not claimed off Outright Assignment Waivers, the player then must be offered back to the club from which he was drafted, and the player's former club can re-claim the player for $50,000 (formerly $25,000), with the player being automatically outrighted to the Reserve List of the minor league reserve list from which he was drafted. The club from which the player was drafted usually has 72 hours to decide whether to re-claim the player, but it has only 24 hours to decide if the player is eligible to be an Article XX-D or Article XIX-A minor league free-agent if outrighted to the minors (player has accrued at least three years of MLB Service Time, qualifies for salary arbitration as a "Super Two" player, and/or has been outrighted to the minors previously in his career).
NOTE: A Selected Player with Article XIX-A rights (player has accrued at least five years of MLB Service Time) cannot be re-claimed and outrighted back to the minor league club from which he was drafted unless the player consents in advance to the assignment.
6. If a Selected Player is returned (outrighted) to the minor league club from which he was drafted, and if the player has accrued at least three years of MLB Service Time, qualifies for salary arbitration as a "Super Two" player, and/or has been outrighted to the minors previously in his career, the player can elect to be an MLB Article XX-D minor league free-agent (or Article XIX-A minor league free-agent if the player has accrued at least five years of MLB Service Time) after being outrighted (he has three days to decide), or he can accept the Outright Assignment and defer the right to be a minor league free-agent until after the conclusion of the MLB regular season.
7. If a Selected Player is returned (outrighted) to the minor league club from which he was drafted, the drafting club is responsible for any portion of the player's salary above what the player was actually paid the previous season.
8. If the club from which the Selected Player was drafted declines to re-claim the player, the player no longer has Rule 5 Selected Player status, the drafting club retains the player, and the player can be sent to the minors or released.
9. A player selected in the AAA Phase of the Rule 5 Draft must be immediately assigned to the reserve list of the AAA club that drafted the player and he must be given a 15-day trial during Spring Training with that club, but the player can be assigned to the active list of any minor league affiliate in the MLB club's organization once the minor league regular season commences. NOTE: Unlike players selected in the Major League Phase of the Rule 5 Draft, a player selected in the AAA Phase does not have to be offered back to the club from which he was drafted if the player is ultimately assigned to the active list of a minor league affiliate below AAA.
PLAYERS SELECTED BY CUBS IN AAA PHASE OF 2023 RULE 5 DRAFT:
TBD
CUBS MINOR LEAGUERS SELECTED IN AAA PHASE OF 2023 RULE 5 DRAFT:
TBD
CUBS RULE 5 DRAFTS PAST
Among the more-notable players selected by the Cubs in the Major League Phase of the Rule 5 Draft over the years are OF Hack Wilson (selected from New York Giants in 1925), C Bob Scheffing (selected from the St. Louis Cardinals in 1940), RHP Johnny Klippstein (selected frrom Brooklyn Dodgers in 1949), RHP Turk Lown (selected from Brooklyn Dodgers in 1951), OF Jim King (selected from the St. Louis Cardinals in 1954), INF Johnny Goryl (selected from the Baltimore Orioles in 1955), OF Monte Irvin (selected from the New York Giants in 1955), C Cal Neeman (selected from the New York Yankees in 1956), 2B Tony Taylor (selected from the San Francisco Giants in 1957), SS Jose Arcia and C Bill Plummer (both selected from the St. Louis Cardinals in 1967), OF Cleo James (selected from the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1969), LHP Willie Hernandez (selected from the Philadelphia Phillies in 1976), C Jody Davis (selected from the St. Louis Cardinals in 1980), RHP Rodney Myers (selected from the Kansas City Royals in 1995), OF Josh Hamilton (selected from the Tampa Bay Devil Rays and then traded to the Cincinnati Reds in a pre-arranged deal immediately after the draft concluded in 2006), RHP Hector Rondon (selected from the Cleveland Indians in 2012), and RHP Trevor Megill (selected from the San Diego Padres in 2019), and probably the most-notable Cubs minor leaguers lost in the Major League Phase of the Rule 5 Draft are 2B Eddie Mayo (selected by the Philadelphia Athletics in 1942), INF Billy Klaus (selected by the Boston Braves in 1949), RHP Billy Muffett (selected by the St. Louis Cardinals in 1955), OF Jason Dubois (selected by the Toronto Blue Jays in 2002 but then later re-claimed by Cubs), LHP Andy Sisco (selected by the Kansas City Royals in 2004), RHP Randy Wells (selected by the Toronto Blue Jays in 2007 but then later re-claimed by the Cubs), LHP Donnie Veal (selected by the Pittsburgh Pirates in 2008), INF Ryan Flaherty (selected by the Baltimore Orioles in 2011), INF-OF Marwin Gonzalez (selected by the Boston Red Sox and then traded to the Houston Astros in a pre-arranged deal immediately after the draft concluded in 2011), RHP Michael Rucker (selected by the Baltimore Orioles in 2019 but then later re-claimed by the Cubs), and INF Vimael Machin (selected by the Philadelphia Phillies and then traded to the Oakland A's in a pre-arranged deal immediately after the draft concluded in 2019).
NOTE: Hack Wilson and Monte Irvin, (both selected by the Cubs - see above) and RF Roberto Clemente (selected by the Pittsburgh Pirates from the Brooklyn Dodgers in the 1954 Rule 5 Draft) are the only members of the Baseball Hall of Fame who were selected in a Rule 5 Draft.
The Cubs have actually lost many more players in the AAA Phase of the Rule 5 Draft (most-notably 1B Justin Bour, who was selected by the Miami Marlins from the Cubs AA Tennessee affiliate in 2013) than they have in the Major League Phase over the past few years, a testament to the depth of their farm system. They are likely to lose a few more players in the AAA Phase of the Rule 5 Draft this year as well.
The most-notable players selected by the Cubs in the AAA Phase of the Rule 5 Draft over the years are C Vic Roznovsky (selected by the Cubs from the San Francisco Giants AA El Paso affiliate in 1963), C Chris Krug (selected by the Cubs from the St. Louis Cardinals AA Tulsa affiliate in 1964), OF Brock Davis (selected by the Cubs from the Houston Astros AA Dallas-Ft. Worth affiliate in 1968), RHP Heathcliff Slocumb (selected by the Cubs from the New York Mets Little Falls affiliate in the NYP league in 1986), and OF Roosevelt Brown (selected by the Cubs from the Florida Marlins AA Portland affiliate in 1997).
RECENT RULE 5 DRAFTS
While the Pittsburgh Pirates selection of future Hall of Famer Roberto Clemente from the Brooklyn Dodgers (https://www.thecubreporter.com/and-first-pick-1954-rule-5-draft-pirates…) is understandably considered to be the most significant Rule 5 Draft pick in MLB history, there have been a few (about 35) noteworthy Rule 5 Draft picks over the past ten years:
2013: The Colorado Rockies selected RHRP Tommy Kahnle from the New York Yankees (4th overall pick)
2013: The Miami Marlins selected 1B Justin Bour from the Chicago Cubs in the AAA Phase of the draft;
2014: The Colorado Rockies selected OF Mark Canha from the Miami Marlins (2nd overall pick) and then traded him to the Oakland A's in a pre-arranged deal immediately after the conclusion of the draft;
2015: The Toronto Blue Jays selected RHRP Joe Biagini from the San Francisco Giants (10th overall pick)
2015: The St. Louis Cardinals selected LHRP Matthew Bowman from the New York Mets (11th overall pick);
2015: The Los Angeles Angels selected 1B Ji-Man Choi from the Baltimore Orioles (16th and final overall pick)
NOTE: The Orioles had signed Choi as a minor league 6YFA (ex-SEA) prior to the draft;
2015: The Tampa Bay Rays selected LHRP Adam Kolarek from the Baltimore Orioles in the AAA Phase of the draft;
2015: The St. Louis Cardinals selected RHRP John Brebbia from the Arizona Diamondbacks in the AAA Phase of the draft;
2016: The Minnesota Twins selected RHRP Miguel Diaz from the Milwaukee Brewers (1st overall pick) and then traded him to the San Diego Padres in a pre-arranged deal immediately after the conclusion of the draft;
2016: The Milwaukee Brewers selected LHSP Caleb Smith from the New York Yankees (7th overall pick) and then traded him to the Chicago Cubs in a pre-arranged deal immediately after the conclusion of the draft
NOTE: The Yankees reclaimed Smith at the end of Spring Training 2017;
2016: The Chicago White Sox selected RHRP Dylan Covey from the Oakland A's (9th overall pick);
2016: The Baltimore Orioles selected OF Anthony Santander from the Cleveland Indians (18th and final overall pick);
2017: The Cincinnati Reds selected RHSP Brad Keller from the Arizona Diamondbacks (5th overall pick) and then traded him to the Kansas City Royals in a pre-arranged deal immediately after the conclusion of the draft;
2017: The Baltimore Orioles selected LHSP Nestor Cortes from the New York Yankees (9th overall pick)
NOTE: The Yankees reclaimed Cortes in mid-April 2018;
2017 The Miami Marlins selected RHSP Elieser Hernandez from the Houston Astros (10th overall pick);
2017: The Seattle Mariners selected 1B Mike Ford from the New York Yankees (11th overall pick)
NOTE: The Yankees reclaimed Ford at the end of Spring Training 2018;
2017: The Chicago White Sox selected C-1B Yermin Mercedes from the Baltimore Orioles in the AAA Phase of the draft;
2018: The Chicago White Sox selected RHRP Jordan Romano from the Toronto Blue Jays (3rd overall pick) and then traded him in a pre-arranged deal to the Texas Rangers immediately after the conclusion of the draft.
NOTE: The Blue Jays reclaimed Romano at the end of Spring Training 2019.
2018: The Cincinnati Reds selected 1B-OF Connor Joe from the Los Angeles Dodgers (6th overall pick)
NOTE: Joe was claimed off waivers by the San Francisco Giants (who assumed his Rule 5 roster restriction) at the end of Spring Training 2019, and then he was re-claimed by the Dodgers in mid-April.
2018: The Seattle Mariners selected RHRP Brandon Brennan from the Colorado Rockies (13th overall pick)
NOTE: The Rockies had signed Brennan as a minor league 6YFA (ex-CHW) prior to the draft;
2018: The Oakland A's selected LHRP Sam Moll from the Toronto Blue Jays in the AAA Phase of the draft;
2018: The Tampa Bay Rays selected RHRP Ryan Thompson from the Houston Astros in the AAA Phase of the draft;
2019: The New York Mets selected RHSP Adam Oller from the San Francisco Giants in the AAA Phase of the draft;
2020: The Pittsburgh Pirates selected RHRP Jose Soriano from the Los Angeles Angels (1st overall pick)
NOTE: Soriano spent the 2021 season on the Pirates MLB 60-day IL while he was rehabbing from 2020 TJS, and the Angels re-claimed him in November 2021;
2020: The Detroit Tigers selected OF Akil Baddoo from the Minnesota Twins (3rd overall pick)
2020: The Boston Red Sox selected RHRP Garrett Whitlock from the New York Yankees (4th overall pick)
2020: The Cleveland Indians selected RHRP Trevor Stephan from the New York Yankees (15th overall pick)
2020: The Baltimore Orioles selected RHSP Tyler Wells from the Minnesota Twins (16th overall pick);
2020: The Arizona Diamondbacks selected LHSP Tyler Gilbert from the Los Angeles Dodgers in the AAA Phase of the draft;
- BECAUSE THE CBA HAD EXPIRED, THE MAJOR PHASE OF THE RULE 5 DRAFT WAS CANCELED IN 2021 -
2021: The Miami Marlins selected LHRP Robert Garcia from the Kansas City Royals in the AAA Phase of the draft;
2022: The Oakland A's selected 1B Ryan Noda from the Los Angeles Dodgers (2nd overall pick);
2022: The Pittsburgh Pirates selected LHRP Jose Hernandez from the Los Angeles Dodgers (3rd overall pick)
2022: The Cincinnati Reds selected C-OF Blake Sabol from the Pittsburgh Pirates (4th overall pick) and then traded him in a pre-arranged deal to the San Francisco Giants immediately after the conclusion of the draft;
2022: The Detroit Tigers selected RHRP Mason Englert from the Texsas Rangers (5th overall pick);
2022: The Colorado Rockies selected RHRP Kevin Kelly from the Cleveland Guardians (6th overall pick) and then traded him to the Tampa Bay Rays in a pre-arranged deal immediately after the conclusion of the draft.
2022: The Milwaukee Brewers selected RHRP Gus Varland from the Los Angeles Dodgers (10th overall pick)
NOTE: The Dodgers re-claimed Varland on May 22nd.
I think it would probably be fair to say that (at least as of right now) the Top 10 best Rule 5 Draft picks over the past ten years (not including those who were reclaimed, like Mike Ford, Nestor Cortes, Jordan Romano, and Connor Joe) would be (in alphabetical order) Justin Bour (selected in AAA Phase), John Brebbia (selected in AAA Phase), Mark Canha, Elieser Hernandez, Tommy Kahnle, Brad Keller, Anthony Santander, Trevor Stephan, Tyler Wells, and Garrett Whitlock, with the Orioles (Santander and T. Wells) and the Marlins (Bour and E. Hernandez) netting two, and the Cardinals (Brebbia), A's (Canha), Rockies (Kahnle), Royals (B. Keller), Guardians (Stephan), and Red Sox (Whitlock) one each.
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